Macbeth Symbolism Essay Example For Students

Macbeth Symbolism Essay In Shakespeares Macbeth the image of blood is utilized to speak to respect, fortitude, treachery, murder and blame The image of blood is ceaselessly evolved until it turns into the overwhelming subject of the play. The word blood, or various types of it seem forty-two times, all through the play. Maybe the most ideal approach to show how the image of blood changes during the improvement of the play, is to follow the character changes in Macbeth. From the outset, Macbeth is assumed as a bold and noteworthy individual, yet as the play advances, he turns into a tricky individual who is related to death and carnage, and shows his blame in a wide range of structures. The principal reference of blood is one of respect, and happens when Duncan sees the harmed sergeant and says: What wicked man is that? Act I, Scene II, - 1 This statement is emblematic of the bold contender who had been harmed during the fight for his nation. In the following section the Captain says: . . . Which smokd with grisly execution. Act I, Scene II, - 20 He is alluding to Macbeths braveness in which his blade is canvassed in the hot blood of the foe. After these couple of references to respect, the image of blood currently changes to show a subject of bad form and injustice. Woman Macbeth begins this off when she requests that the spirits make her blood thick. What she is asking by this is, she needs to make herself obtuse and callous for the deeds which she is going to submit. Woman Macbeth realizes that the proof of blood is a deceptive image, and realizes it will make the hirelings and not Macbeth and herself look blameworthy when she says: . . . smear the lethargic grooms with blood. Act II, Scene II, - 64-65 . . . On the off chance that he do drain, Ill group the essences of the lucky men withal, for it must appear their blame. Act II, Scene II 81-83 When Banquo states . . . furthermore, question this most bleeding bit of work. Act II, Scene III - 149 and afterward Ross says . . . ist realized who carried out this more than grisly thing? Act II, Scene IV, - 28 they are both inquisitive with regards to who played out the misleading follows up on Duncan. At the point when Macbeth is talking about Malcolm and Donalbain, he alludes to them as wicked cousins. The other way, and maybe the more striking utilization of the image blood, is for the subject of blame. First Macbeth alludes to his blame when he says Will every single incredible Neptune sea wash this blood clean from my hand? Act II, Scene II, - 79-80 implying that he thought about whether he could ever have the option to overlook the shocking deed that he had submitted. At that point the phantom of Banquo, all shocking, and wicked frequents Macbeth at the dinner. Seeing nebulous visions speaks to his blame for the homicide of Banquo which he arranged. Macbeth shows a bitf his blame when he says It is the ridiculous business which educates in this manner. Act II, Scene I, - 58-59 he was unable to get together the fearlessness to state murder after he had executed Duncan, so he utilizes this line. Woman Macbeth shows the most distinctive case of blame utilizing the image of blood in the scene wherein she strolls in her rest. She says Out accursed spot Out I state One: two: why then tis time to speck: hellfire is dinky .Fie, my master, fie, a trooper, and afeard? What need we dread who knows it when none can censure out force? However who might have thought the elderly person to have had such a great amount of blood in him? . .ueed8631c8a8f5cb7f547385eb30b3d74 , .ueed8631c8a8f5cb7f547385eb30b3d74 .postImageUrl , .ueed8631c8a8f5cb7f547385eb30b3d74 .focused content zone { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .ueed8631c8a8f5cb7f547385eb30b3d74 , .ueed8631c8a8f5cb7f547385eb30b3d74:hover , .ueed8631c8a8f5cb7f547385eb30b3d74:visited , .ueed8631c8a8f5cb7f547385eb30b3d74:active { border:0!important; } .ueed8631c8a8f5cb7f547385eb30b3d74 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .ueed8631c8a8f5cb7f547385eb30b3d74 { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; mistiness: 1; progress: obscurity 250ms; webkit-change: haziness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .ueed8631c8a8f5cb7f547385eb30b3d74:active , .ueed8631c8a8f5cb7f547385eb30b3d74:hover { darkness: 1; change: murkiness 250ms; webkit-change: darkness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .ueed8631c8a8f5cb7f547385eb30b3d74 .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: relative; } .u eed8631c8a8f5cb7f547385eb30b3d74 .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content design: underline; } .ueed8631c8a8f5cb7f547385eb30b3d74 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .ueed8631c8a8f5cb7f547385eb30b3d74 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; outskirt span: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: intense; line-tallness: 26px; moz-fringe range: 3px; content adjust: focus; content embellishment: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: supreme; right: 0; top: 0; } .ueed8631c8a8f5cb7f547385eb30b3d74:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .ueed8631c8a8f5cb7f54738 5eb30b3d74 .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .ueed8631c8a8f5cb7f547385eb30b3d74-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .ueed8631c8a8f5cb7f547385eb30b3d74:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Macbeth Essay PaperAct V, Scene I, - 31-36, This discourse speaks to the way that she can't wipe the blood recolors off of her mind. It is unexpected, that she says this, since directly after the homicide, while Macbeth is feeling remorseful, she said A little water frees us from this deed. Act V, Scene III,- 44-45 At the point when the specialist of the manor gets some answers concerning her sleepwalking, he tells Macbeth As she is bothered with thick-coming dreams, Act II, Scene II ,- 85 What this implies, is that Lady Macbeth is having dreams or dreams that manage blood. Macbeth knows in his psyche that she is experiencing difficulties with her blame, however won't utter a word about it. Not long before the closure of the play, Macbeth shows Macduff at his benevolence, and releases him, on account of his blame. He shows that he is blameworthy, when he says But get thee back, my spirit is a lot of chargd with blood of thine as of now. Act V , Scene VIII - 6-7 Of which, Macduff answers, I have no words, my voice is in my blade, thou more bloody reprobate than terms can give thee out. Act V, Scene VIII, - 8-10. He is stating that his activities with his blade will do his representing him and that Macbeth is the most noticeably terrible all things considered. After the demise of Macbeth on account of Macduff, the emblematic topic of blood swings back to what it was toward the start of the play. It is the image of respect to Malcolm this time. The demise of Macbeth is a respected accomplishment that Macduff is praised for. So as we have seen significance of the image of blood change all through the play from respect to bad form, and afterward to blame, after this, it returns back to the emblematic importance of respect indeed. This could just happen after the lowlife that changed the significance from respect to bad form is slaughtered. In light of these numerous changes, it has been demonstrated that the image of blood has a wide range of implications which can be credited to it, and the subject of the novel over the span of this memorable play.

Amazon’s Marketing Strategy Essay

Theoretical The motivation behind this paper is to assess the advertising procedure of online retailer Amazon.com, Inc. Amazon.com gives various retail benefits just as web and capacity administrations. The corporate methodology system, as talked about in Cravens and Piercy’s Strategic Marketing content, will be utilized to inspect the foundation of the organization and characterize its present position. The corporate structure incorporates the accompanying: (1) corporate vision (2) corporate destinations toward vision (3) assets (4) business arrangement and (5) business plan. The showcasing procedure of the organization will be explored utilizing Cravens and Piercy’s recommended advertising methodology process. To survey the present advertising issues and openings, this paper investigates the company’s current SWOT examination, gave by GlobalData. Furthermore, key suggestions will be made for the company’s delayed development. Amazon Inc. A company’s advertise driven technique â€Å"mandates progressively viable incorporation of exercises and procedures that sway client value† (Cravens and Piercy, 2009). Just as a reliable market driven system, an association must be inventive and imaginative so as to contend in the worldwide commercial center. Amazon, Inc. has built up an innovative promoting procedure using the Internet. By turning out to be pioneers in the online business commercial center, the organization has changed retail. Amazon Inc. ought to assess their corporate and promoting procedures to utilize every single accessible asset. The organization has encountered some showcasing disappointments however can in any case make the most of existing promoting openings. In the ninth Edition of the content Strategic Marketing, Cravens and Piercy compose, â€Å"corporate techniques are worried about how the organization can accomplish its development goals in present or new business areas† (Cravens and Piercy, 2009). When constructing the structure for a serious corporate technique, an association should initially choose the corporate vision. Throughout the mid year of 1994, Internet use demonstrated promising development. A detailed measurement of 2,300% yearly development empowered Jeff Bezos, at that point Senior Vice President for D.E. Shaw and Co., to leave his place of employment and focus on an approach to beneficially utilize this data. His drawn out vision for his organization was to alter retail by making â€Å"theâ earth’s greatest online retail location, where everybody could purchase anything and everything† (Kargar, 2003). To accomplish this objective, Bezos led statistical surveying that drove him to Seattle and guided him to pick selling books online as his principle center. The organization was propelled in 1995 and by the primary quarter of 1996 announced deals incomes of $110 million. The organization before long transformed from a virtual book shop into a virtual commercial center by entering new markets that included music, motion pictures, hardware, toys, attire, staple and others. A long time later in 2006 Amazon.com had become what some called a model of â€Å"th e cutting edge Internet-based business† (Isckia, 2009). That equivalent year the organization presented their new undertaking, Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2), that offered modest registering control over the Internet. Many trusted Bezos’ whimsical insight removed the organization further from its center vision. Be that as it may, a closer assessment of Bezos innovative mentality uncovers a greater amount of the organization’s all around created corporate way of thinking and structure. Moving past book selling, the dispatch of EC2 and Simple Storage Service (S3) are instances of accomplishments towards the corporate vision. Amazon has had the option to actualize destinations in the regions of item quality improvement and new-item targets. Cravens and Piercy note that â€Å"a key system issue is coordinating abilities to advertise opportunities† (Cravens and Piercy, 2009). Changing Amazon.com into something other than a retail activity has given the association the capacity to â€Å"compete in various markets, give notewo rthy esteemed to end client clients, and make hindrances to contender duplication† (Cravens and Piercy. 2009). With Bezos’ consistent interests in new innovative activities, financial specialists were worried about Amazon’s expanding obligation and productivity. Kargar reports, â€Å"the organization had a feeble monetary record [and] monstrous negative working money flow† (Kargar, 2004). All through the company’s money related history there have been numerous financial misfortunes. As indicated by Robert D. Hoff and Heather Green, in 2002, â€Å"the organization despite everything conveyed $2.2 billion in long haul debt† (Business Week, 2002). In International Journal of Cases in Electronic Commerce, Pauline Ratnasingham reports that â€Å"Amazon.com investors lost 80% of their incentive in 2000† (Ratnasingham, 2006). In spite of the fact that business increment quickly, misfortunes keep on taking off also. Notwithstanding the monetary disappointments, in 2006 Bezos’ still accepted that his speculations would yield enormous settlements in late r years and that Amazon.com would be a â€Å"meaningful business†¦one day† (Hoff, 2006). As Amazon.com kept on growing, the company’s key specialty units (SBU) comprised of four key divisions: (1) U.S. Books/Music/DVD/Video (2) U.S. Hardware, Tools, and Kitchen (3) Services and (4) International (Ratnasingham, 2006). This business sythesis makes it simpler to concentrate on independent explicit procedures for every unit. The company’s plan of action additionally gives an upper hand. Amazon profits by having the option to keep up a virtual customer facing facade with conveyance focuses situated in low lease regions. Taking all things together, a mix of accommodation, speed, unwavering quality, limited evaluating, and a wide determination of product makes a synergistic business structure that can't be effectively copied. When creating Amazon.com’s corporate structure Bezos obviously comprehended and characterized his business methodology. The association would now need to structure and execute a reliable and coordinated showcasing procedure. A significant part of Amazon.com’s promoting procedure is their client driven methodology. Amazon offers lower costs, free transportation, and client care accessible all day, every day. Additionally, the client experience is upgraded through customized proposals and altered website pages. The organization’s quality in client care has been compelling in expanding client dependability, site traffic, and rehash buys. Amazon.com utilizes different showcasing methods that incorporate web based publicizing, email crusades, and their Associates Program. The Associates Program, which permits outside sites the capacity to make items accessible to Amazon clients, has demonstrated to be exceptionally fruitful. In 2001 more than 700,000 partners were enlisted for the program. This advertising apparatus permitted Amazon.com the capacity to â€Å"expand its market past its own site and focus on its quality of request satisfaction and distribution† (Ratnasingham, 2006). Another key part of Amazon.com’s promoting technique is their set up key associations with different conventional retailers. These coalitions improve the worth contributions of clients, give the organization an upper hand, and increment the piece of the pie for all organizations included. Some of Amazon’s associations incorporate Toys ‘R’ Us for toys and computer games, the Gap for dress and Drugstore.com for drug store things. The organization additionally has outsider game plans with Target Corporation, Borders Group, Expedia, and others. Amazon benefits by furnishing clients with a differing cluster of items while their partners can utilize the innovation, administrations, andâ tools of Amazon.com. A noteworthy detail of any organization’s showcasing system is innovativeness and advancement. In her article for The Learning Organization, Verna Allee recommends that â€Å"in request to support serious quality and proceed with development Western organizations need to incorporate advancement with their societies and structures as a basic condition for esteem creation† (Allee and Taug, 2006). In 2008, Amazon.com was recorded as number 20 of every a rundown of the world’s 25 most creative organizations (Cravens and Piercy, 2009). The new assistance offering of the EC2 and S3 computerized utilities moves the organization into serious open doors inside the product stage commercial center. Bezos’ development system for Amazon.com incorporates these five keeping rules: 1) Measure everything 2) Keep improvement groups little 3) Don’t fear abnormal thoughts 4) Open up to outcasts 5) Watch clients, not contenders (Hoff, 2006) Amazon.com’s innovative advances and Bezos’ ground breaking has driven the organization to make momentous items, for example, the Kindle and furthermore contend with top online computerized music supplier Apple ITunes. By empowering proceeded with advancement, Amazon can make sure about their place as pioneers in Internet-based organizations. Amazon.com is in a situation to pick up from the different open doors they have in the online business commercial center. These open doors incorporate new patterns and mechanical advances. Amazon contends well and has development in the advanced digital book showcase on account of their Kindle item. Amazon can keep on putting resources into innovation to continue benefit. By and large, E-business is encountering development. Amazon.com is in the situation to profit by this ascent. The webpage presently offers installment security, a single tick installments, easy to understand highlights, and different innovations that new electronic organizations should contend with. The organization likewise has the chance to grow through vital coalitions and acquisitions. For instance, GlobalData reports that Amazon.com procurement of TouchCo not long ago, â€Å"is expected to realize cost decrease in the company’s business† (GlobalData, 2010). By and large, Amazon.com utilizes solid marketingâ strategies. G

Using Augmentation Therapy to Treat OCD

Using Augmentation Therapy to Treat OCD OCD Treatment Print Using Augmentation Therapy to Treat OCD By Owen Kelly, PhD Updated on September 19, 2019 Jose A. Bernat Bacete / Getty Images More in OCD Treatment Causes Symptoms and Diagnosis Types Living With OCD Related Conditions Augmentation therapy is a strategy that is being explored as a way to improve the odds of relieving OCD symptoms when treating patients with OCD medication. Augmentation therapy involves using combinations of drug, rather than a single OCD medication, for maximum effect. Augmentation strategies could be especially effective for people who do not respond to standard OCD medication. Why Augmentation Therapy Is Used If you have OCD, you may know that a variety of treatments are available. However, you may also know that not all people respond to these treatments. Although the introduction of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), such as Luvox (fluvoxamine), Prozac (fluoxetine), Paxil (paroxetine) and Zoloft (sertraline), and tricyclic antidepressants, such as Anafranil (clomipramine) have been a huge step forward in the treatment of OCD, 40 percent to 60 percent of people will not respond adequately to these drugs. As in other areas of medicine, psychiatrists are now exploring whether treatment of OCD with a combination of medications, rather than a single medication, offers more relief for more people. Using Antipsychotic Medications to Augment Current Treatments Although antidepressants are the standard medical treatment for OCD, it has been suggested that adding antipsychotic drugs to a treatment plan could be helpful in improving OCD symptoms. Why is this? First, antipsychotic medications such as Risperdal (risperidone), Zyprexa (olanzapine) or Seroquel (quetiapine) affect levels of the neurotransmitter dopamine. Problems with the dopamine system have been implicated in OCD. In addition, some people with OCD have difficulty believing that their obsessions and/or compulsions are illogical or unreasonable. A failure to recognize that obsessions and/or compulsions do not make sense has been shown to be a barrier to benefiting from standard treatments. It has been suggested that antipsychotic medications may be effective in helping change this pattern of thinking. Does Augmentation Therapy Work? In general, the available scientific evidence strongly supports the use of antipsychotic medications as useful augmentation drugs for adults whose OCD symptoms have not responded to standard treatments. However, you must keep in mind that there are two categories of antipsychotic medications, each with their own potential side effects. The first generation or typical antipsychotics tend to have side effects related to abnormal movements such as tardive dyskinesia, which involves the involuntary and uncontrollable movement of different parts of the body including the mouth and face. Tardive dyskinesia can sometimes be permanent if not addressed promptly. The second-generation or atypical antipsychotics usually have less risk of tardive dyskinesia, but can cause metabolic problems such as weight gain and elevated blood sugars and cholesterol. Given this, the potential benefits of using an antipsychotic medication as an augmentation strategy for reducing OCD symptoms should outweigh the risks. The relatively less severe side effects of the second generation or atypical antipsychotics often make them the first choice as augmentation agents. As with any medical treatment, the decision to add an antipsychotic medication to your current treatment plan is a choice that should be made in strong collaboration with your family doctor or psychiatrist. OCD Discussion Guide Get our printable guide to help you ask the right questions at your next doctors appointment. Download PDF Be sure to communicate any changes you experience when trying a new medication or when switching medications, too. Keeping this open line of discussion between you and your doctor will ensure that he/she is keeping your individualized needs in mind when progressing in your treatment plan. OCD and Your Relationships

Greece And Rome Models For The U.s. Constitution

Liz Mairena Survey of U.S. History; Section 28 Dr. Marlin Due date: 04/29/16 Greece and Rome: Models for The U.S. Constitution The United States Constitution was carefully crafted by a group of deliberate and thoughtful individuals; each having their own unique and particular ideas about government, and the people it may govern. As this supreme foundation for government was molded, each founding father put forth their learned beliefs and philosophies to be integrated into this modern document. All of the crafting members were both well-read and thoroughly educated, allowing for deep and extended discussions on past governments, their efficiencies, and their deficiencies. Through their readings and philosophical discussions, it became apparent that two previously governing bodies stood, in their opinions, above the rest: The Greek and Roman empires. Their governmental practices and virtues were key in the development of the Constitution, as they were dissected, and eventually, emulated by this country’s founding members. America’s somewhat early history (1760-1790) primarily showed signs of the Greek language and culture’s widespread popularity by reason of its core values and teachings. The nine major colonial colleges, including Harvard, Dartmouth, Brown, Yale, King’s College (Columbia), Queen’s College (Rutgers), College of New Jersey (Princeton), College of Pennsylvania, and William and Mary, all systematically implemented Greek and Latin into their curriculums. TheShow MoreRelatedEssay on Roots of American Democracy2355 Words   |  10 PagesWhen referring to classical antiquity period, most think of Greece and Rome dominating and flourishing in the areas of philosophy, sciences, mathematics and literature. 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Duffy Presentation of Love and Romance in Valentine

Carol Anne Duffy presents love and romance in a unique way that differentiates valentine from any other love poem. Throughout this poem carol expresses love though the original metaphor of an onion. This essay analyses how she does this so effectively and how she presents a range of ideas about love and romance. The idea of using an onion to represent your love for someone may be laughed at. However, the onion could metaphorically speaking represent the many layers of love or how love is bitter sweet. Duffy shows how an onion could mean a lot more than invaluable gifts such as ‘a rose or a satin heart’. She shows how these ordinary gifts are just stereotypes or clichà ©s and expresses how she thinks that love should be represented by†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬ËœIt will make your reflection a wobbling photo of grief.’ This line refers to the idea of the onion skin being shiny and reflective but when you see your reflection on the surface of the onion it appears distorted, unsteady and incomplete. Duffy presents these ideas as a warning against romance. Her approach to romance and love is very direct and honest. This is shown in the lines ‘I am trying to be truthful. Not a cute card or a kissogram. I give you an onion.’ This line compares insignifican t gifts to something more dramatic and powerful. I think that she is trying to show how love should be valued above clichà ©s and that even giving an onion is a more meaningful gesture. The following lines: ‘its fierce kiss will stay on your lips, possessive and faithful as we re, for as long as we are. Take it.’ Duffy suggests that love like an onion, it leaves a bitter after taste that lingers for a long time. It seems that Duffy believes that once you have had a taste of it you will remember it forever because it is that powerful. The ‘kiss’ suggests passion but the ‘fierce’ suggests that is a violent, urgent, desperate, and clinging sensation. She presents this as a metaphor for love in such a way that makes it seem disturbing and an altogether unpleasant experience. The line for as long as we are seems more realistic as it is very honest in the sense that the narrator has accepted that the relationship probably won’t last forever. This also relatesShow MoreRelatedStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesWorkers More Sati sfying Jobs?) †¢ New Case Incident (Crafting a Better Job) †¢ Updated Case Incident (Long Hours, Hundreds of E-Mails, and No Sleep: Does This Sound Like a Satisfying Job?) Chapter 4: Emotions and Moods †¢ Entirely new Opening Vignette (Love at Work: Taboo No More?) †¢ New feature: glOBalization! †¢ New Myth or Science? (â€Å"We Are Better Judges of When Others Are Happy Than When They Are Sad†) †¢ Revised introduction to the topic †¢ Review of research on moods and employee attachment †¢ New section

History Of The Paraprofessional Education Essay Free Essays

There has been a long history of statute law and alterations in educational doctrine that have influenced both the functions and the makings of paraprofessionals. † ( â€Å" Unit 7 Reading † . neodymium. We will write a custom essay sample on History Of The Paraprofessional Education Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now parity. 1 ) The paraprofessional function is dramatically critical presents because of these alterations and influences. Today, the life of a paraprofessional is filled with extended undertakings and duties that stretch far beyond the boundaries of clerical work ; paraprofessionals in my sentiment are one of the most indispensable gateways, if you would, to the academic success of particular needs pupils and to those that seek farther direction. However, since this was non ever the instance for paraprofessionals, a brief history of the paraprofessional function and attach toing Torahs of each epoch of paraprofessional history is included in the undermentioned paragraphs. Read on. There are a figure of past events and associated Torahs that have impacted the function of the paraprofessional. To get down with, in the 1950 ‘s equal rights for kids ‘s instruction was good needed but non present. This academic inequality was based on racial segregation and a deficit in accredited instructors. Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka ( 1954 ) challenged the Acts of the Apostless of academic racial bias in a tribunal of jurisprudence that resulted in a opinion for academic equality for all pupils. ( â€Å" Unit 7 Game Study Guide † . neodymium. parity. 3 ) As for the remainder of the accredited instructors, paraprofessionals were recruited for excess aid. Revolution peers change no affair what the circumstance. In the 1960 ‘s a radical motion in societal services, wellness attention, instruction, and employment brought away the alteration in rightful standing of many. Womans and the detested, the disableds and the hapless insisted upon the same rights as the remainder of world and the wealthy. These demands resulted in the undermentioned Torahs and plans: Civil Rights Act of 1964, Head Start ( 1965 ) – a plan for kids in the earliest phases of development that I am so grateful for, it offers a battalion of support for runing from faculty members to wellness and health for kids who are like me when I was a kid ( you know, a small less fortunate ) . In the same epoch, The Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 passed and urged parents to acquire involved with the school and academic life of their kid or kids ; Title I plans established through this Act â€Å" aˆÂ ¦ increased instructional support of basic acco mplishments to deprived pupils. † ( â€Å" Unit 7 Game Study Guide † . neodymium. parity. 4 ) Still in that same clip frame, yet another jurisprudence was passed-Immigration and National Act Amendments of 1965-and alleviated certain judicial admissions on policies for in-migration. This Act caused an augmented demand for paraprofessionals in the schoolroom because of an addition in pupils with linguistic communication and/or cultural barriers. A bilingual or multilingual paraprofessional was an ideal campaigner in conformity to this Act. Today, people with disablements are protected from favoritism because of the civil rights jurisprudence passed in the 1970 ‘s. Section 504 of the Vocational Rehabilitation Act of 1973 appointed equal chance rights for the mentally and physically disabled against favoritism in every facet including the educational facet of society. ( Charmatz. Penn. neodymium. parity. 1 ) In sight of this new right, more paraprofessionals were needed. A twelvemonth subsequently, the Equal Educational Opportunities Act extended its range out to pupils with linguistic communication and/or cultural barriers to acquisition, doing it compulsory for schools to help these pupils ; therefore ensuing in the farther demand of expertness of paraprofessionals. The Education for All Handicapped Children Act or Public Law 94-142 ( 1975 ) besides required extra support of pupils with disablements, bit by bit increasing the demand for paraprofessionals thenceforth. ( â€Å" Unit 7 Game Study Guide † . ne odymium. parity. 5 ) A call for reformation of the needed criterions and teacher answerability arose after a series of educational studies by a figure of governmental bureaus in the 1980 ‘s. These studies were directed toward the quality of instruction and the overall answerability of instructors for the expected criterions of their Plutos, and their instructional abilities. Simultaneously, instructors, the local school communities, and parents were encouraged to collaborate to find pupil larning abilities and failings, wellness and physical challenges in order to find which larning plans are the best to integrate in the school ‘s course of study. The National Resource Center for Paraprofessionals and the Council of Exceptional Children besides supported structured course of study and criterions for paraprofessionals and their supervisors. ( â€Å" Unit 7 Game Study Guide † . neodymium. parity. 6 ) The Immigration Act of 1990 besides contributed to the addition in paraprofessionals, particularly those that were culturally diverse. The Americans with Disabilities Act mandated adjustments for pupils and workers with disablements. Persons with Disabilities Education Act, a reauthorization of the Education of all Handicapped Children Act ( reauthorized twelvemonth 1997 ) . Actual acknowledgment of the paraprofessional function, developing specifications and appropriate supervising specifications of the paraprofessional function were identified, clarified, and mandated. ( â€Å" Unit 7 Game Study Guide † . neodymium. parity. 7 ) In the twelvemonth 2001, the ill-famed No Child Left Behind Act ( once known as the Elementary and Secondary Education Act ) focused a batch on the countries of instruction that will assist increase the academic standing of pupils with and without disablements, every bit good as for the economically advantaged and disadvantaged, and for the behaviorally, mentally, and physically challenged. In 2004, the Persons with Disabilities Education Act was one time once more reauthorized, this clip as the Education of all Handicapped Children Act ( reauthorized twelvemonth 1997 ) made important alterations in the Individual Education Plans ( IEPs ) for kids with particular demands and larning disablements. These alterations once more, resulted in the increased demand for paraprofessionals. ( â€Å" Unit 7 Game Study Guide † . neodymium. parity. 8 ) Nowadays, as a consequence of all the history of the paraprofessional, paraprofessionals I able and required to further help all pupils that need excess aid. Undertakings that a paraprofessional can anticipate to carry through are transporting out remedial lessons, helping pupils with disablements in transitional plans, of class copying documents and rating documents, they can anticipate to assist maintain up with schoolroom visual aspect and help the oversing instructor in lesson planning excessively, they can besides anticipate to work in a figure of topographic points like in traditional schoolroom scenes, in remedial acquisition categories, and transitional categories, they can anticipate to chaperone kids on field trips along with many other undertakings and duties. All in all, the significance, day-to-day undertakings, and duties of the paraprofessional function have changed enormously, as a consequence of a long history of alterations and reforms to the Torahs and plans in edu cational history. How to cite History Of The Paraprofessional Education Essay, Essay examples

History Of The Paraprofessional Education Essay Free Essays

There has been a long history of statute law and alterations in educational doctrine that have influenced both the functions and the makings of paraprofessionals. † ( â€Å" Unit 7 Reading † . neodymium. We will write a custom essay sample on History Of The Paraprofessional Education Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now parity. 1 ) The paraprofessional function is dramatically critical presents because of these alterations and influences. Today, the life of a paraprofessional is filled with extended undertakings and duties that stretch far beyond the boundaries of clerical work ; paraprofessionals in my sentiment are one of the most indispensable gateways, if you would, to the academic success of particular needs pupils and to those that seek farther direction. However, since this was non ever the instance for paraprofessionals, a brief history of the paraprofessional function and attach toing Torahs of each epoch of paraprofessional history is included in the undermentioned paragraphs. Read on. There are a figure of past events and associated Torahs that have impacted the function of the paraprofessional. To get down with, in the 1950 ‘s equal rights for kids ‘s instruction was good needed but non present. This academic inequality was based on racial segregation and a deficit in accredited instructors. Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka ( 1954 ) challenged the Acts of the Apostless of academic racial bias in a tribunal of jurisprudence that resulted in a opinion for academic equality for all pupils. ( â€Å" Unit 7 Game Study Guide † . neodymium. parity. 3 ) As for the remainder of the accredited instructors, paraprofessionals were recruited for excess aid. Revolution peers change no affair what the circumstance. In the 1960 ‘s a radical motion in societal services, wellness attention, instruction, and employment brought away the alteration in rightful standing of many. Womans and the detested, the disableds and the hapless insisted upon the same rights as the remainder of world and the wealthy. These demands resulted in the undermentioned Torahs and plans: Civil Rights Act of 1964, Head Start ( 1965 ) – a plan for kids in the earliest phases of development that I am so grateful for, it offers a battalion of support for runing from faculty members to wellness and health for kids who are like me when I was a kid ( you know, a small less fortunate ) . In the same epoch, The Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 passed and urged parents to acquire involved with the school and academic life of their kid or kids ; Title I plans established through this Act â€Å" aˆÂ ¦ increased instructional support of basic acco mplishments to deprived pupils. † ( â€Å" Unit 7 Game Study Guide † . neodymium. parity. 4 ) Still in that same clip frame, yet another jurisprudence was passed-Immigration and National Act Amendments of 1965-and alleviated certain judicial admissions on policies for in-migration. This Act caused an augmented demand for paraprofessionals in the schoolroom because of an addition in pupils with linguistic communication and/or cultural barriers. A bilingual or multilingual paraprofessional was an ideal campaigner in conformity to this Act. Today, people with disablements are protected from favoritism because of the civil rights jurisprudence passed in the 1970 ‘s. Section 504 of the Vocational Rehabilitation Act of 1973 appointed equal chance rights for the mentally and physically disabled against favoritism in every facet including the educational facet of society. ( Charmatz. Penn. neodymium. parity. 1 ) In sight of this new right, more paraprofessionals were needed. A twelvemonth subsequently, the Equal Educational Opportunities Act extended its range out to pupils with linguistic communication and/or cultural barriers to acquisition, doing it compulsory for schools to help these pupils ; therefore ensuing in the farther demand of expertness of paraprofessionals. The Education for All Handicapped Children Act or Public Law 94-142 ( 1975 ) besides required extra support of pupils with disablements, bit by bit increasing the demand for paraprofessionals thenceforth. ( â€Å" Unit 7 Game Study Guide † . ne odymium. parity. 5 ) A call for reformation of the needed criterions and teacher answerability arose after a series of educational studies by a figure of governmental bureaus in the 1980 ‘s. These studies were directed toward the quality of instruction and the overall answerability of instructors for the expected criterions of their Plutos, and their instructional abilities. Simultaneously, instructors, the local school communities, and parents were encouraged to collaborate to find pupil larning abilities and failings, wellness and physical challenges in order to find which larning plans are the best to integrate in the school ‘s course of study. The National Resource Center for Paraprofessionals and the Council of Exceptional Children besides supported structured course of study and criterions for paraprofessionals and their supervisors. ( â€Å" Unit 7 Game Study Guide † . neodymium. parity. 6 ) The Immigration Act of 1990 besides contributed to the addition in paraprofessionals, particularly those that were culturally diverse. The Americans with Disabilities Act mandated adjustments for pupils and workers with disablements. Persons with Disabilities Education Act, a reauthorization of the Education of all Handicapped Children Act ( reauthorized twelvemonth 1997 ) . Actual acknowledgment of the paraprofessional function, developing specifications and appropriate supervising specifications of the paraprofessional function were identified, clarified, and mandated. ( â€Å" Unit 7 Game Study Guide † . neodymium. parity. 7 ) In the twelvemonth 2001, the ill-famed No Child Left Behind Act ( once known as the Elementary and Secondary Education Act ) focused a batch on the countries of instruction that will assist increase the academic standing of pupils with and without disablements, every bit good as for the economically advantaged and disadvantaged, and for the behaviorally, mentally, and physically challenged. In 2004, the Persons with Disabilities Education Act was one time once more reauthorized, this clip as the Education of all Handicapped Children Act ( reauthorized twelvemonth 1997 ) made important alterations in the Individual Education Plans ( IEPs ) for kids with particular demands and larning disablements. These alterations once more, resulted in the increased demand for paraprofessionals. ( â€Å" Unit 7 Game Study Guide † . neodymium. parity. 8 ) Nowadays, as a consequence of all the history of the paraprofessional, paraprofessionals I able and required to further help all pupils that need excess aid. Undertakings that a paraprofessional can anticipate to carry through are transporting out remedial lessons, helping pupils with disablements in transitional plans, of class copying documents and rating documents, they can anticipate to assist maintain up with schoolroom visual aspect and help the oversing instructor in lesson planning excessively, they can besides anticipate to work in a figure of topographic points like in traditional schoolroom scenes, in remedial acquisition categories, and transitional categories, they can anticipate to chaperone kids on field trips along with many other undertakings and duties. All in all, the significance, day-to-day undertakings, and duties of the paraprofessional function have changed enormously, as a consequence of a long history of alterations and reforms to the Torahs and plans in edu cational history. How to cite History Of The Paraprofessional Education Essay, Essay examples

Romeo And Juliet Essays (375 words) - English-language Films

Romeo And Juliet Romeo and Juliet, is a story of two young lovers, whose love was destined for destruction. They did not imagine that their love would lead to the tragedies that it did. These two young people did nothing wrong except fall in love. Three aspects of their destruction included the feud between the two families, the nurse and her betrayal of Juliet and the most important aspect of all is fate. The feud between the two families was one factor that contributed to the love of Romeo and Juliet being destined for destruction. "From ancient grudge break to new mutiny". (Romeo & Juliet, Prologue, pg.2 l.3) The two families, Montagues and Capulets, had many problems. There was hate between the two families so much so that even the servants hated each other. This feud would have caused many problems for Romeo and Juliet: These two young lovers knew this and this is why they kept their marriage a secret. If their parents discovered their secret, they would have made their children's lives miserable. Romeo and Juliet would not have been able to see each other. Both of these families were very stubborn and there was hardly any thing that would have made them become friends. In the prologue we learn that the only way the "strife" could be ended was by the deaths of Romeo and Juliet. "Doth with their death bury their parent's strife". (Romeo & Juliet, Prologue, l.8) Neither the Montagues or the Capulets would have accepted the marriage. Keeping the marriage a secret caused Romeo and Juliet to turn to other people for help. Sometimes these people gave them the wrong advice or just betrayed them. The Nurse was one of these characters who betrayed the young couple. The Nurse who was also Juliet's friend turned against her at a very crucial time. The Nurse told Juliet that it would be best if she married Paris. "I think it best you married with the county". (Romeo & Juliet, pg.101, III, v, l.219) This betrayal by the Nurse left Juliet alone. She was a wise young woman but it still would have been beneficial for her to have the help of the Nurse. Juliet was left on her own to make some very important decisions. I believe that if the Nurse had been around to help Juliet things may have turned out differently.

buy custom Medieval Philosophies essay

buy custom Medieval Philosophies essay Medieval Philosophies The article Medieval Philosophies What Are They, and Why? by Georgy Gereby sheds more light to the notion of medieval philosophy. The author shows that the subject under discussion is not as simple as one may think at first glance. It has particular problems and difficulties on different levels. First, the term is problematic. It appears that it is complicated to define the term because of chronological and geographical aspects. One of the problems the researchers face is that the time framework of the Middle Ages is rather blurred. There are different versions about the beginning of this period. Second, the historical approaches are flawed. It seems that each historian has their own understanding of the Middle Ages and its philosophy. After all, the readers get to know that medieval philosophy is not strictly determinated chronologically, geographically, historically, and conceptually (Gereby 173). The problematic context of the medieval philosophy reveals the main question of the article. The author wonders if the philosophy of the Middle Ages existed at all. On the one hand, Gereby assumes that the philosophy requires some freedom of reason. On the other hand, he acknowledges that in the Middle Ages the Christian Church restricted the free use of reason. Thus, Christianity appeared to dominate medieval philosophy. Therefore, the author claims that the medieval philosophy was a religious philosophy. He supports his claim with the objectivation of Harry Wolfson and presents the main counterargument of Bertram Russell. Besides, Gereby shows the similarities and differences between theology and philosophy. According to him, philosophy used to be independent as a science, but closely related to theology. Comparison between different opinions leads him to the answer to his question. Gereby concludes that there was a philosophy in the Middle Ages, though to realize it, knowledge of the entire context is necessary. Thus, the article expands the readers vision on the essence of medieval philosophy. I learned a lot from reading the article. First, I got to know that there are three branches of medieval philosophy: Jewish, Christian and Islamic. Before, I had been familiar only with the Christian medieval philosophy and I had never heard of the Jewish one. I learned that although these three branches shared a common heritage in science, Judaism and Christianity had a profound impact on medieval philosophy. The approach of an author explains a lot, namely, how the debates were possible between philosophers and why traditional philosophers did not appear at that time. Second, I learned why theology is a science. Before that, I have never considered it one. To me, it was more about faith than about theoretical framework and principles. After reading this article, I have changed my mind. I see the logic in the argumentation of Thomas Aquinas. He effectively harmonizes faith and reason. Of course, philosophy and theology are different. Philosophy is based on the human mind, and theology is inspired by revelation. Still, both philosophy and theology refer to the truth and reality. Third, I learned that the medieval philosophy is not simple. I thought I had known a lot about the philosophy of that period, because I used to read about it in the books. Now I know that I lack competency in this field. Furthermore, currently I notice many uncertainties in the course of history and logical fallacies in argumentations. I suppose that there is no universal truth in science even if it claims there is. The universal opinion on the medieval philosophy period has not been achieved. Also, the essence of medieval philosophy remains blurred. I see that both Aquinas and Russell may be right, therefore, the reliability of scientific knowledge is relative. Order custom essay from EliteWritings.com

Intersectionality - Definition and Discussion

Intersectionality - Definition and Discussion Intersectionality refers to the simultaneous experience of categorical and hierarchical classifications including but not limited to race, class, gender, sexuality, and nationality. It also refers to the fact that what is often perceived as disparate forms of oppression, like racism, classism, sexism, and xenophobia, are actually mutually dependent and intersecting in nature, and together they compose a unified system of oppression. Thus, the privileges we enjoy and  the discrimination we face  are a product of our unique positioning in society as determined by these social classifiers. The Intersectional Approach Sociologist Patricia Hill Collins developed and explained the concept of intersectionality in her groundbreaking book, Black Feminist Thought: Knowledge, Consciousness, and the Politics of Empowerment, published in 1990. Today intersectionality is a mainstay concept of critical race studies, feminist studies, queer studies, the sociology of globalization, and a critical sociological approach, generally speaking. In addition to race, class, gender, sexuality, and nationality, many of todays sociologists also include categories like age, religion, culture, ethnicity, ability, body type, and even looks in their intersectional approach. Crenshaw on Race and Gender in the Legal System The term â€Å"intersectionality† was first popularized in 1989 by critical legal and race scholar  Kimberlà © Williams Crenshaw  in a paper titled, â€Å"Demarginalizing the Intersection of Race and Sex: A Black Feminist Critique of Antidiscrimination Doctrines, Feminist Theory and Antiracist Politics,† published in The University of Chicago Legal Forum. In this paper, Crenshaw reviewed  legal proceedings to illustrate how it is the intersection of race and gender that shapes how black men and women experience the legal system. She found, for example, that when cases brought by black women failed to match the circumstances of those brought by white women or by black men, that their claims were not taken seriously because they didnt fit perceived normative experiences of race or gender. Thus, Crenshaw concluded that black women were disproportionately marginalized due to the simultaneous, intersecting nature of how they are read by others as both raced and gender ed subjects. Collins and a â€Å"Matrix of Domination While Crenshaw’s discussion of intersectionality centered on what she has referred to as â€Å"the double bind of race and gender,† Patricia Hill Collins broadened the concept in her book Black Feminist Thought. Trained as a sociologist, Collins saw the importance of folding class and sexuality into this critical analytic tool, and later in her career, nationality too. Collins deserves credit for theorizing a much more robust understanding of intersectionality, and for explaining  how the intersecting forces of race, gender, class, sexuality, and nationality manifest in a â€Å"matrix of domination.† Privileges and Forms of Oppression The point of understanding intersectionality is to understand the variety of privileges and/or forms of oppression  that one may experience simultaneously at any given time.  For instance, when examining the social world through an intersectional lens, one can see that a wealthy, white, heterosexual man who is a citizen of the United States experiences the world from the apex of privilege. He is in the higher strata of economic class, he is at the top of the racial hierarchy of U.S. society, his gender places him in a position of power within a patriarchal society, his sexuality marks him as â€Å"normal,† and his nationality bestows upon him a wealth of privilege and power in global context. The Ideas and Assumptions Encoded in Race By contrast, consider the everyday experiences of a poor, undocumented Latina living in the U.S. Her skin color and phenotype mark her as â€Å"foreign† and â€Å"other† compared with the perceived normality of whiteness. The ideas and assumptions encoded in her race suggest to many that she is not deserving of the same rights and resources as others who live in the U.S. Some may even assume that she is on welfare, manipulating the health care system, and is, overall, a burden to society. Her gender, especially in combination with her race, marks her as submissive and vulnerable, and as a target to those who may wish to exploit her labor and pay her criminally low wages, whether in a factory, on a farm, or for household labor. Her sexuality too and that of the men who may be in positions of power over her is an axis of power and oppression, as it can be used to coerce her through the threat of sexual violence. Further, her nationality, say, Guatemalan, and her undocumen ted status as an immigrant in the U.S., also functions as an axis of power and oppression, which might prevent her from seeking health care when needed, from speaking out against oppressive and dangerous work conditions, or from reporting crimes committed against her due to fear of deportation. The Analytic Lens of Intersectionality The analytic lens of  intersectionality  is valuable here because it allows us to consider a variety of social forces simultaneously, whereas a class-conflict analysis, or a gender or racial analysis, would limit our ability to see and understand the way privilege, power, and oppression operate in interlocking ways. However, intersectionality is not just useful for understanding how different forms of privilege and oppression exist simultaneously in shaping our experiences in the social world. Importantly, it also helps us to see that what is perceived as disparate forces are actually mutually dependent and co-constitutive. The forms of power and oppression present in the life of the undocumented Latina described above are particular not just to her race, gender, or citizenship status, but are reliant on common stereotypes of Latinas in particular, because of how their gender is understood in the context of their race, as submissive and compliant. Because of its power as an analytic tool, intersectionality is one of the most important and widely used concepts in sociology today.

Human Resources Management in Apple Company Essay

Human Resources Management in Apple Company - Essay Example Microsoft was the prominent competitor of Apple from tis beginning itself. In 1980’s and 1990’s Apple struggled to counter the competition faced from Microsoft. Microsoft pushed Apple yards behind with the introduction of their Window based operating system. However, Apple was able to bounce back at the beginning of twenty first century with the help of their innovative â€Å"i† series products such as iMac, iPhone, iPad, iPod, iTunes etc. Kim (2010) has pointed out that Apple Inc, is currently the second largest company in the world in market capitalization, second only to Exxon Mobil. Moreover it is believed to be the most valuable technological company in the world at present, again pushing Microsoft far behind (Kim, 2010). (Warren, 2010) Even though Apple succeeded in achieving top spots in international market, many people believe that their organizational culture and human resource management needs drastic changes to maintain their top spot in the market. E ven though Apple employees are getting competitive salaries, increased workload, lack of work-life balancing, lack of motivation, prejudices and biases in deciding promotions etc are some of the major complaints of the employees. Moreover, Apple’s success and failures revolve around the charismatic leadership of Steve Jobs. This paper critically analyses Apple’s human resource management policies at the individual level, group level and organizational level. Individual Level Work Motivation The topic of employee motivation in Apple Company is a controversial one. On one side, Apple is able to motivate the employees and on the other side some of its HR strategies are demotivating the employees. It is a fact that Apple provides ample opportunities to the fresh employees to grow under the wings of experienced employees (Qumer, 2009, p.3). The above strategy is a big blessing for the fresh employees to take advantages of the immense experience and talents of the experience d ones. The above work culture helps Apple to blend fresh and the experienced hands in a judicious manner so that neither the employees nor the organization faces any problems in completing their works. Fresh employees may bring new ideas to the organization which will be critically analyzed with the help of experienced ones. Thus the fresh people will get immense support from the experienced hands in shaping their ideas and concepts useful to the company. The compensation and benefits offered to employees of Apple are very competitive and it includes product discounts, vacation time, healthcare, training courses, casual dress codes on jobs etc. In 1995, Apple created the Apple Fellows Program in order to recognize its best employees who had made extraordinary contributions to the company. Funny, brilliant, relaxed co-workers and modern spacious beautiful offices filled with comfortable equipments etc are some of the major benefits of working in Apple Company. Apple workforce includ es diverse employees from different countries which enable them to utilize the expertise from different regions. It provides equal opportunities to its diverse employees irrespective of their ethnic background (Qumer, 2009, p.3-9). In short, Apple is keen in recognizing outstanding performances with rewards which is definitely a motivating factor for the employees. At the same time there many complaints also about some of the controversial HR policies of Apple. Employees often forced to work overtime and thereby they are facing troubles in achieving proper work-life balancing. Moreover Apple provides no information about the new products which are going to be developed in the company. The above policy demotivated the employees since no organization can capture the employee

Research Critique Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Research Critique - Essay Example Suggestions and alternatives on how to improve these strengths and weaknesses shall also be considered. The research subject of this critique is relevant to the practice as it evaluates the effects of securing fall prevention policies in hospitals, especially for the elderly and those with limited and compromised mobility. This topic is also relevant as it displays the benefits of a fall prevention program in the hospital with the end hope of securing improved patient outcomes. Critical evaluation The title of the article is clear and very much precise. It is short enough to warrant interest from the reader, but also concise in its description of the research. It also provides the foundations of the research in terms of its variables and clinical setting. It does not however specify the subject respondents for the research, whether they be elderly patients in critical care or those who have compromised mobility. These details would have made the title more concise and encompassing. T he abstract is adequately written. It clearly provides a condensed version of the contents of the study, noting the research questions, aims, and objectives of the study (Polit and Hungler, 1997). The methods of the study have also been specified in the abstract, including the results and conclusion (Parahoo and Reid, 1988). The abstract is however overly long, made up of more than 250 words. Abstracts should average about 100 to 200 words (Ingham-Broomfield, 2006). The background/introduction of the study clearly identifies the purpose of the article. The authors detail the conceptual basis for the study, while also identifying gaps and health issues in the practice. The aims and objectives of the study were also identified in the research, particularly specifying the general direction of the research paper (Parahoo and Reid, 1988). The only weakness which can be seen in the introduction is that not all the essential details for the background of the study are identified in the tex t instead, they are incorporated into the text for the reader’s extrapolation. As for the literature review, it is not clearly identified as a distinct part of the research. Instead, it is incorporated and summarized in the introduction. Nevertheless, all the important details for the literature review are contained therein (Polit and Hungler, 1997). Original and primary sources have been used by the authors. The studies included in the literature review detail what is currently known about the research topic, the gaps in the knowledge, the significance of the study, and the position of the study within the current body of knowledge (Polit and Hungler, 1997). A broad understanding of the topic has been made possible through the literature review and the authors were able to use the studies to guide their methodology in their research. The review also assessed the strengths and weaknesses of the methods used in the previous studies and to use such data to guide their research (Burns and Grove, 2001). The other methods were also critiqued in order to analyze their applicability to their current research. In reviewing the research’s literature reviewed, more studies could have been discussed or drawn out in order to provide more support for the study. These studies would have strengthened the research foundation and provided more details to guide the researchers. The design for the study – comparative –

Bob Marley Essay -- Art

Bob Marley Clemson University There are hundreds of thousands of people screaming for you on stage. The Prime Minister and leader of the opposition sit in the arena. Many thought this was a sight that would never be seen, but it was just the sight Bob Marley had in front of him at the One Love Peace Concert in Kingston Jamaica (April, 1978). This was his first appearance back in Jamaica in 14 years, an amazing show culminating with Bob joining the hands of opposing political figures onstage, and holding them firmly together. A hero and an icon while living, Bob Marley continues to influence people 25 years after his death (African Service News). His music and lyrics worked as the rhetoric of the Rastafarian movement against oppression, exploitation and racism in Jamaica. Using metaphors to describe the hardships of the political fights of Jamaicans and Africans Marley established himself as the spokesman of a race and culture. The Rastafari religion, the heart of Bob’s music, based itself in belief of ‘Jah,’ which was a metaphor for a god of goodness and love. Jah was the force fighting against the oppression from ‘Babylon,’ the destructive force. Metaphors of oppression and freedom, such as chains and birds, depict social problems and ways of liberation (Jensen). Many of Marley’s lyrics included these references and therefore fell into the latitude of acceptance, explained in Muzafer Sherif’s studies on Social Judgment Theory (Griffin), of his Rastafari listeners. When Marley spoke of things that were in the latitude of acceptance of his audience, his words impacted them listeners incredibly. â€Å"If you get down and quarrel everyday/You're saying prayers to the devil, I say/ Why not help one another on the way/ Make it much easier/ Jah love, Jah love, protect us† Positive Vibrations. Marley strived to increase awareness among the people of Jamaica, but his popularity didn’t end there. His music spread through the hearts of Europeans, Africans, and Americans. Lyrics and music work together to offer messages comprised of both theoretical and emotional content through the constructs of virtual experience (lyrics) and virtual time (music). Both virtual experience and virtual time must exist for music to function rhetorically (Sellnow). However it can sometimes work out otherwise. In fact, it was the bass heavy style of Bob Marley’s new age r... ... when it hits you feel no pain. So hit me with music, hit me with music now, brutalize me with music† Bob Marley Feb. 6, 1945 – May 11, 1981 Bibliography Bob Marley Continues to Touch People's Hearts 20 Years After. (August 7, 2002) Africa News Service, p1008219u1157 Griffin, E. (2003). A first look at communication theory. 4th ed. Boston, MA: McGraw Hill. Hakanen, E.A., Wells, A., Ying, L.L.S., (1999). Music choice for emotional use and management by Hong Kong adolescents. Asian Journal of Communication. 9 (1), 72-85. King, Stephen, Jensen, Richard (1995). Bob Marley's "Redemption Song": the rhetoric of reggae and Rastafari. Journal of Popular Culture, v29 n3 p17(20) Napier, Kristine. (Nov-Dec 1997) Antidotes to pop culture poison. Policy Review, n86 p12(3) Sellnow, Deanna D. (1999). Music as persuasion: Refuting hegemonic Masculinity in "He Thinks He'll Keep Her". Women's Studies in Communication. 22 (1, Spring), 66-84. Sellnow, Deanna, and Sellnow, Timothy. (2001). The "illusion of life" rhetorical perspective: An integrated approach to the study of music as communication. Critical Studies in Media Communication. 18 (4, December), 395-415.

Social Media: Bane or Boon?

SOCIAL MEDIA: BOON OR BANE? Roberto M. Macatuggal, Ph. D. Web 2. 0 has enabled web-based services, such as social networking sites, wikis, communication tools, etc. , that emphasize collaboration and sharing among users. This platform (Davis, 2012), described simply as the read/write web, allows users to be both consumers and producers of online content. It is an interactive two-way web; a place where everyday folks with Internet access can create and edit stuff. Davis compares Web 1. 0 and Web 2. 0: Web 1. 0 was a place to go and get, while Web 2. 0 is a place to be and do.Gregory (2011) clarifies further that Web 2. 0 allows for participating and sharing in the production of resources. It is about communities, participation, and peering. A social network (Wikipedia) is a theoretical construct that is used to study the relationships between and among individuals, social units, or even whole societies. Georg Simmel pioneered in early structural theories in Sociology and Jacob Moreno is credited for having developed the first sociograms in the 1930s to study interpersonal relationships. Web 2. 0 social networking working capabilities have spawned the development of social media tools.What is social media? According to Parker (2011) social media are the uses of Web technology to spread messages through social interaction that happens online. Rean John Uehara (Webdesigner. com) defines social media as a combination of human interaction through web applications where people produce their own content, mold their own experience, and define their online presence. A loose definition of social media is that it’s like a country, people gather and interact with massive amounts of people from their area and abroad. It’s really a broad place, both wonderful and terrible depending on its use.Two of the most popular social media are Facebook (visited at http:// blog. facebook. com/blog. php? post =287542130) which claims to have more than 400 million users and T witter (http://blog. twitter. com/2010/02/measuring-tweets. html) receiving around 50 million updates a day from users, which is an average of 600 tweets per second. Parker (2011) differentiates the following social media tools: 1. Blogging – an informal conversational medium for writing and publishing content online on regular basis. (e. g. , Blogger, Typepad, WordPress). 2. Microblogging – a short form of blogging where posts are usually limited in length and format. e. g. , Twitter, Friendfeed) 3. Social Networking – a way to engage and interact with a specific online community by way of a fan or profile page. 4. Social Bookmarking – a central location for posting links to useful resources which can be seen and shared by other users. (e. g. , Digg, Stumbleupon, Delicious). 5. Multimedia – Sharing rich media such as video, images, and presentation online. (e. g. , YouTube, SlideShare, Flickr). 6. Reviews and Opinions – a way for customers to share opinions and reviews of products and services online. (e. g. , Yahoo! Answers, Epinions, eHow). 7.Wikis – a central repository designed to be edited by a group rather than one person. (e. g. , Wikipedia, Wikia, Wikitravel, Dealipedia, Wikimapia). What are the benefits of social media? Nakul Arora wrote in his blog that in today’s fast growing world, social media is the latest thing which has made its presence felt virtually across all the sectors. Facebook and Twitter are two big players having majority control within social media. Thus, it becomes very important for any organization today to be present in some form or the other on these networks so as to connect with the wide following these networks have.These networks have also taken individualism to another level altogether with each person having a considerable say over his friend group. Thus if any educational institution at all succeeds in winning over a student to avail of its educational services, the chance of influencing his friends also increases. According to Arora, there are 5 things that educational institutions can do to tap into the students on Facebook and Twitter: 1. Forming a dedicated team. This aspect involves creation of a dedicated team for the sole purpose of managing the social media setup for the institution.This is very important in the present environment there being more than one department in an institution. It is also important to ensure the smooth functioning of the online groups with the social media team managing and ensuring a proper sync between all the different aspects of the institution. An example here to show the need of such a team would be to simply take a case wherein an ex-student of the university sends out a job opportunity to a group of present students online. Now, the social team would keep track of this and forward it to the respective department which an then ensure that the opportunity is properly utilized by the students. This dedica ted team would also ensure that the institution’s updates are well planned and organized instead of doing them at random. This would thus, cater well to the different groups of ex, current and prospective students. 2. Giving before receiving. A common rule of the internet is that you have to first give before you receive. Any person would only follow a particular group or institution if they are sharing things that are unique and beneficial in some way for the person.This is not a tough thing to achieve, for every institution is unique in its own aspect and thus, creation and sharing of unique things wouldn’t offer such a big problem. Also, the university can utilize its previously existing case-studies, problems, etc. for the purpose of engaging the prospecting and other interested students. It can also share newsletter articles about happenings in the institution with the people who are interested in keeping updated with the affairs of the school. 3. Forming and coor dinating student online groups.Students are any institution’s biggest asset and can be the best people to spread the message of the happenings and current life of the institution. Thus, any institution should maintain an online students group where it should form a dedicated team of student volunteers to share the latest things from the campus. This would give the prospective students a real glimpse of the actual life in the campus and also help them connect with the current students. The ex-students can also use this group to remain connected with their Alma Mater.Such groups can also be formed for specific purposes: a group can be formed solely for the purpose of sharing internship opportunities by the alumni with the current students. Another such group can be exclusively for the alumni and staff members to reconnect and be in touch. Also, smaller groups can be formed to influence students who have negative attitudes and perceptions about the school. 4. Presence of influen tial personalities on the networks. Every college has its heroes: professors or teachers who are famous for their service in a particular field of study.These are people who have a huge fan following and thus, any update that they make will be followed by a large number of people. The university has to ensure that professors of such repute have their presence in the social world as well and they also communicate on a regular basis with their followers. Many institutions have already initiated this with their chancellors and heads having an active Facebook or Twitter account. They can actually hold open forums, discussions or simply answer some queries occasionally on the social media. 5. Trying to create a better world.The institutions can also use the social media for their aims towards providing a good education to all. This can be done with the creation of free online courses which can be taken by anyone and everyone. The world has been propelled in that direction with the introd uction of Apple’s iUniversity which gives the universities an opportunity to provide a host of courses, either free or paid. This will go a long way in developing the reputation of the university while benefiting in the process due to development of good content and new courses.This will help towards creating a better world where quality education will be free and available to all. As the prevalence of social media continues to rise, organizations of all types and sizes are recognizing the ways in which social media can help them better understand, respond to, and attract the attention of their target audience. As a result, businesses are now jumping on the social media bandwagon at a rapid pace, embracing blogs, social networks, wikis, and other vehicles to achieve their marketing and public relations goals.The types of benefits that corporations achieve with an effective social media strategy (http://shiftcomm. com/social_media_benefits. html) are the following: 1. Get the message out faster – and to more people. Social media enables more rapid sharing of information. It may take hours, or even days, for a new announcement to reach the end consumer through traditional channels. Why? Because when a press release is issued, a journalist or writer must first wade through all the sales and marketing lingo to find the key points.Then, the content must be re-purposed in article format, and sent to an editor or proofreader before it is published. Social media vehicles, on the other hand, allow for instantaneous dissemination of not just news, but images, audio, video, and other multimedia content as well. And because releases geared toward social media outlets contain only key highlights, pertinent facts, and hyperlinks to related statistics and quotes, the information they contain can be immediately picked up and posted by bloggers and other online journalists.Social media also provides more widespread coverage, enabling breaking news to reach a much larger and broader reader base than standard media outlets alone. While magazine readership and the number of available print publications continue to decline, the number of consumers using the Internet to access and share information continues to rise sharply. For example, one recent study showed that almost one out of every four Internet users – over 41 million people total in 2006 – visits MySpace on a regular basis. 2. Improve branding.Social media, and blogs in particular, can be a highly useful tool for enhancing both awareness and image. Blogging can help â€Å"spread the word† about a company, its products, and its services to more people, dramatically increasing brand recognition and awareness. Additionally, social media can enable executives to gather input and feedback directly from their target audience, and use that intelligence for more effective reputation management. Insight into why people like – or hate – a brand is needed to hel p change and control audience perceptions and preferences. 3. Boost the impact of direct marketing.Search Engine Optimization (SEO) is a key component of today’s direct marketing and lead generation strategies, and social media has proven its ability to significantly complement SEO initiatives. Many social media techniques – such as frequent use of common jargon and key phrases, title tags, ticker symbols, and links to blogs and other relevant Web content – can dramatically improve search engine rankings. Additionally, while SEO relies on just a handful of popular search engines such as Google and Yahoo to drive target prospects to a site, social media expands the potential audience by creating alternate channels.For example, when content is published to a site, and that content is then linked to delicious or reddit, it can generate a tremendous boost in Web traffic. Many companies also find it much easier to generate compelling content that is likely to be pick ed up by bloggers, than it is to keep up with the â€Å"rules† required to rank high in today’s popular search engines Parker (2011) suggests five (5) steps in the effective use of social media in business: 1. Think of the bigger picture. Be consistent with the message you wish to convey across various tools. 2. Use less rather than more media tools.It is important to consider your objectives as a basis for selecting the appropriate media tool. 3. Appoint a social media champion. The person would be responsible in engaging the clients / customers regularly; develops strategies to promote the business through social media. He/she would also be responsible in coordinating employees’ personal and social media activities. 4. Tracking the effect. Track the impact of social media efforts on the business such as increased traffic to the website of your business. 5. Take action. Retain the social media tool that gives you more business.Schools have likewise taken advant age of social media to reach out to as many students as possible. For universities competing to attract top students, it's no longer enough to have a glossy brochure and a sleek website. Schools like Johns Hopkins are reaching out to engage with applicants on Facebook and Twitter. They're also finding that a robust social media campaign, along with such creative features as student-run blogs, can lure prospective students while a stale online presence can turn them off. College admissions officers are indeed learning to interact with students where they hang out: online.According to a recent study by the Center for Marketing Research at the University of Massachusetts-Dartmouth, 100% of universities surveyed use social media to communicate with students, up from 61% in 2007-08. The study found that 98% of the responding colleges have a Facebook page and 84% have a Twitter account. What are some of the misuses of social media? Social media, according to Prateek Shah, is as prone to m isuse as your computer is to virus. One of the misuses of social media is defaming people/groups/religions/communities. This is possible because of the anonymity of the person posting the derogatory statements.Celebrity fake accounts are being made and untrue stories about them are being spread. ‘Hacking at home’ has led to stealing of passwords and accessing the private lives of others, leading to relationship woes and even divorces. A survey by the American Academy of Matrimonial Lawyers (AAML) revealed that four out of five lawyers reported a growing number of divorce cases that cited evidence derived from networking sites. What is at stake when social media is misused and abused? Because of social media misuse and abuse, Uehara (posted at Webdesigner. om) says that you as a social media user may lose: 1. Your soul. If you have a huge audience and you make one little blunder, people will strike you with their pitchforks. 2. Your integrity. Huge claims, especially in public, can easily be cross-examined. 4. Your privacy. Often, people would share snippets of their personal lives on social media sites which is tantamount to loss of privacy. 3. Your job. People have lost their jobs because of a single tweet! 4. Your future. People remember. What you share now with people can haunt you several years from now.The future of social media Gregory argues that social networking through the web with sites such as Twitter, Myspace, Facebook, Second Life, YouTube, and Flicker is becoming a widespread if not dominant form of communication among Internet users, and most popular phenomena prognosticators forecast that this type of collaborating will continue and grow exponentially. Prateek Shah warns that regular attempts at curbing the freedom of social media will be made, but the truth is that it is leading us towards a new world where the lies will be trashed and the guilty will be charged.He says that It will not happen overnight but change has begun and i t is for the common good. In the Philippines, our legislators have crafted House Bill 3732, otherwise known as the Freedom of Information Bill. Social Media and the Internet will be among the enablers of the Freedom of Information Bill, which will boost transparency and minimize graft and corruption in the government. Maintaining ethics in the hyper-networked world of social media Tyler Pennock, Director of Social Media, Rude Finn Creative Edge formulated the following ethical guidelines in the use of social media: 1. Honesty: State nly what you know to be true – and be clear about opinion or conjecture vs. fact. 2. Transparency: Be straightforward about who you are – and who you’re representing online. 3. Respect: Respect for yourself, your peers, and even your adversaries. 4. Privacy: Treat the intimate details of others as you would your own personal information. 5. Relevance: Ensure that the content you’re posting is relevant to the audience and the v enue where it’s being posted. 6. Responsibility: Take ownership of your online activities, the content you’ve created, and any missteps you’ve made along the way.Conclusion Social media is man’s creation to respond to a need for expanding the network of social relationships, towards the realization of a real global village. However, the effectiveness of such social media depends on the selection of the tools that suit one’s purposes and objectives, including their proper use through the observance of ethical practices that respect the rights and uphold the dignity of the human person. References Arora, Nakul. 5 Ways Educational Institutions Can Use Facebook and Twitter For Studies And Coordination.Davis, Cheryl Ann Peltier. (2012). The Cybrarian’s Web. London: Facet Publishing. Gregory, Vicki L. (2011). Collection Development and Management for 21st Century Library Collections: An Introduction. New York: Neal-Schuman Publishers, Inc. Parker, Catherine . (2011). 301 Ways to Use Social Media to Boost Your Marketing. New York: McGraw-Hill. Prateek, Shah. Use, Misuse and Abuse of Social Media. Posted at http://greensmyles. com/2012/06/the-use-and-misuse-of-social-media/ Uehara, Rean John. Social Media Misuse That Could Cost You Big Time. Webdesigner. com.

The Role Of Language Essay - 2544 Words

The Role of Language Can contemporary discourse presume a community of interest? In order to answer this question, one is forced to first answer the question, can language be used to reveal anything new? If the answer is yes, then how can it do this and how can we employ it to do this for us. Also, one is forced to ask what is it exactly that we are looking for? Once we’ve found it, how can we use it to improve our present condition? Plato and Descartes both believe that language can indeed improve our conditions through it’s revelation, and both give methods to attain new knowledge. Although vastly differing, in that Descartes builds knowledge from the ground up, while Plato works from a distorted view, and seeks to clarify it, their†¦show more content†¦In Plato’s most recognized work, the Republic, his cave analogy describes a prisoner who has spent all of his life in bondage looking at nothing but shadow puppets on the back of a cave wall. For him, all, which he believes to be true, are the actions and reactions of the shadow puppets. His entire reality is essentially a shrouded image of the truth. Somehow it comes to pass that the prisoner is released from bondage and, for the first time, stands up, exits the cave and sees the light of the sun. The prisoner will gaze on his body and on all things in the suns light and for the first time see the truth of what actually is and realize the falsities with which he has lived for all of his life. In a sense, Plato is using the sun as a metaphor for the focusing lense provided by dialectic. In the prisoner’s case, the sunlight provided the ability to see the incompleteness of his reality. For Plato and Socrates, language enables us to see the incompleteness of our own way of thinking and provides a means with which to fill in the blanks or see things in their completeness. 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